President Vladimir Putin has signed a new naval doctrine which cast the United States as Russia's main rival and set out Russia's global maritime ambitions for crucial areas such as the Arctic and in the Black Sea.
Speaking on Russia's Navy Day in the former imperial capital of St Petersburg founded by Tsar Peter the Great, Putin praised Peter for making Russia a great sea power and increasing the global standing of the Russian state.
After inspecting the navy, Putin made a short speech in which he promised that what he touted as Russia's unique Zircon hypersonic cruise missiles, cautioning that Russia had the military clout to defeat any potential aggressors.
Shortly before the speech, he signed a new 55-page naval doctrine, which sets out the broad strategic aims of Russia's navy, including its ambitions as a "great maritime power" which extend over the entire world.
Vladimir Putin takes part in a parade marking Navy Day in St Petersburg. – Reuters
The main threat to Russia, the doctrine says, is "the strategic policy of the USA to dominate the world's oceans" and the movement of the NATO military alliance closer towards Russia's borders.
Russia may use its military force appropriately to the situation in the world's oceans should other soft powers, such as diplomatic and economic tools, be exhausted, the doctrine says.
Putin did not mention the conflict in Ukraine during his speech but the military doctrine envisages a "comprehensive strengthening of Russia's geopolitical position" in the Black and Azov seas.
It also set out the Arctic Ocean, which the United States has repeatedly said Russia is trying to militarise, as an area of particular importance for Russia.
Russia's vast 37,650 km (23,400 mile) coastline, which stretches from the Sea of Japan to the White Sea, also includes the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
Putin said the delivery of Zircon hypersonic cruise missiles to the Admiral Gorshkov frigate would begin within months. The location of their deployment would depend on Russian interests, he said.
"The key thing here is the capability of the Russian navy," he said.
"It is able to respond with lightning speed to all who decides to infringe on our sovereignty and freedom."
Hypersonic weapons can travel at nine times the speed of sound, and Russia has conducted previous test-launches of the Zircon from warships and submarines over the past year.
"The delivery of these (missiles) to the Russian armed forces will start in the coming months," Putin said.
"The Admiral Gorshkov frigate will be the first to go on combat duty with these formidable weapons on board."
Meanwhile, a drone-borne explosive device has detonated at the headquarters of Russia's Black Sea Fleet, injuring six people.
The explosion at the headquarters in the city of Sevastopol on the Crimean peninsula that Russia annexed from Ukraine in 2014 caused cancellation of local observances of Russia's Navy Day holiday.
Police block a street following a reported combat drone attack on the Russian Black Sea Fleet's headquarters in Sevastopol, Crimea. – Reuters
The Black Sea Fleet's press service said the drone appeared to be homemade. It described the explosive device as “low-power” but Sevastopol mayor Mikhail Razvozhaev said six people were injured in the blast.
There was no immediate information on where the drone began its flight. Sevastopol is about 170 kilometres (100 miles) south of the Ukrainian mainland and Russian forces control much of the mainland area along the Black Sea.
Fighting continued elsewhere in Ukraine. The mayor of the major port city of Mykolaiv, Vitaliy Kim, said one person died in Russian shelling that damaged a hotel and school buildings.
In the Sumy region in Ukraine's north, near the Russian border, shelling killed one person, the regional administration said.
Three people died in attacks over the past day in the Donetsk region, which is partly under the control of Russian separatist forces, said governor Pavlo Kyrylenko.
Russian sailors take part in a parade marking Navy Day in St Petersburg. – Reuters